Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Megha Krishnan Author-Workplace-Name: Mar Thoma College Author-Name: Anoop Koshy George Author-Workplace-Name: Mar Thoma College Title: A Study on Health Insurance Acceptability Among Salaried Individuals with Special Reference to Mannar Panchayat, Alappuzha District, Kerala Abstract: The study attempts to understand the health insurance acceptability among salaried individuals with special reference to Mannar Panchayat, which belongs to the Alappuzha District of the state of Kerala. Access to health insurance improves the productivity of the workforce, as it enhances health conditions. The economic constraints to accessing healthcare can be reduced through health insurance. But awareness and acceptability of health insurance remain poor in most parts of Kerala. The study attempts to analyse the acceptability of health insurance among salaried individuals in a rural place called Mannar in Kerala. The study is made based on primary data collected from 75 randomly selected salaried individuals from Mannar Panchayat. The study defined salaried individuals as a person who get a fixed compensation for their services rendered to the employer on a regular basis. The objectives of the study were to identify the job profile of the salaried individuals in the study area, to examine health insurance awareness among the salaried individuals, and to analyze the various factors that affect buying of health insurance products by salaried individuals. The study identifies the trustworthiness of the company, better schemes offered by them and easy claim settlement as the major factors which attract an individual in selecting a health insurance company. Keywords: Health Insurance, Acceptability, Salaried Individual, Mannar Panchayt, Kerala Journal: Shanlax International Journal of Economics Pages: 1-9 Volume: 11 Issue: 2 Year: 2023 Month: March DOI: 10.34293/economics.v11i2.5921 File-URL: https://www.shanlaxjournals.in/journals/index.php/economics/article/view/5921 File-Format: text/html File-URL: https://www.shanlaxjournals.in/journals/index.php/economics/article/view/5921/5709 File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:acg:journl:v:11:y:2023:i:2:p:1-9 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: I V Vidhya Author-Workplace-Name: Sree Kerala Varma College Author-Name: C Prem Sankar Author-Workplace-Name: ICCS College Title: Consumer Perception towards Cashless Economy with Special Reference to Unified Payments Interface (UPI) Abstract: Cashless transactions are not new to India, and there are various ways for cashless transactions available to customers. A unified Payments Interface (UPI) is one of the fastest-growing digital payment systems through which users can send and receive money through a Virtual Payment Address (VPA). In 2021, UPI processed around 39 billion transactions totaling $940 billion, equivalent to 31% of India's GDP. The study's main objectives are to understand the unified payment system's (UPI) growth and its progression over the years and to know consumer awareness, perception, and satisfaction towards UPI. The researcher gathered data from both primary and secondary sources. Through an online survey process, respondents' primary data was gathered. The sample size is 105. The secondary data were gathered from publications like books and journals and websites like https://www.npci.org.in Keywords: Consumer Perception, Unified Payments Interface, Cashless Economy, Digital Payments, Financial Inclusion, Virtual Payment Address, NPCI Journal: Shanlax International Journal of Economics Pages: 10-14 Volume: 11 Issue: 2 Year: 2023 Month: March DOI: 10.34293/economics.v11i3.6068 File-URL: https://www.shanlaxjournals.in/journals/index.php/economics/article/view/6068 File-Format: text/html File-URL: https://www.shanlaxjournals.in/journals/index.php/economics/article/view/6068/5711 File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:acg:journl:v:11:y:2023:i:2:p:10-14 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name:Annamalai Jegan Author-Workplace-Name: Kanchi Mamunivar Government Institute Title: Individual Demand for Higher Education in Tamil Nadu: A Choice between Degree Courses and Diploma Courses Abstract: Increasing individual demand for higher education due to achievement of higher secondary schooling and the first-generation learner try to improve their life-pattern. In this situation, the government has unable to spend for higher education due to heavy burden of School education. On the other hand, Economic reforms and liberal education policies have encouraged private sector in providing higher education. Existence of privatization has been working as de-facto commercialism. In this condition, who can affordable the high cost of higher education with long-term. This paper is focuses on the individual student's enrolment choice between Degree courses in higher education and Diploma courses.For the purpose, the study has been taken sample area of Villupuram district in Tamil Nadu. A structured questionnaire survey schedule is used for data collection. The study made the logit model to estimate the individual (student) enrolment choice between Degree courses and Diploma courses. The model explains the student enrolment choice between degree courses in higher education and Diploma courses. The result of the study reveals shows that scholastic ability-I (secondary level), Management of Institutions, Number of siblings in the family and scholarship influencing the individual demand to choose the degree courses in higher education. Keywords: Low Cost, Short Duration, High Cost, Degree Courses, Diploma Courses Journal: Shanlax International Journal of Economics Pages: 15-21 Volume: 11 Issue: 2 Year: 2023 Month: March DOI: 10.34293/economics.v11i3.6073 File-URL: https://www.shanlaxjournals.in/journals/index.php/economics/article/view/6073 File-Format: text/html File-URL: https://www.shanlaxjournals.in/journals/index.php/economics/article/view/6073/5712 File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:acg:journl:v:11:y:2023:i:2:p:15-21 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: R Uma Author-Workplace-Name: Nirmala College for Women Author-Name: R Anbuselvi Author-Workplace-Name: Nirmala College for Women Title:Role of Micro Small and Medium Enterprises (MSME) in Employment Generation in India Abstract: The importance of 65 million MSMEs, which account for about 120 million jobs and 30% of the country's economic output, cannot be underestimated as it forms the backbone of the industrial landscape of the country contributing 49 % to the exports and 45% to the manufacturing sector and also responsible for around 30% of total employment generationin India.The Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSME) sector has emerged as a highly vibrant and dynamic sector of the Indian economy over the last fewdecades. It contributes significantly in the economic and social development of the country by fostering entrepreneurship and generating largest employment opportunities at comparatively lower capital cost, next only to agriculture. MSMEs are complementary to large industries as ancillary units andthis sector contribute significantly in the inclusive industrial development of the country. Keywords: Employment, Growth, Agriculture, Industry, Development and Sector Journal: Shanlax International Journal of Economics Pages: 22-27 Volume: 11 Issue: 2 Year: 2023 Month: March DOI: 10.34293/economics.v11i2.5809 File-URL: https://www.shanlaxjournals.in/journals/index.php/economics/article/view/5809 File-Format: text/html File-URL: https://www.shanlaxjournals.in/journals/index.php/economics/article/view/5809/5713 File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:acg:journl:v:11:y:2023:i:2:p:22-27 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Dhulasi Birundha Varadarajan Author-Workplace-Name: Madurai Kamaraj University Author-Name: M Chitra Author-Workplace-Name: Madurai Kamaraj University Title: Environmental Policy: An Overview Abstract: On the eve of India finishing seventy-five years of independence, it is necessary that we've to recapture the evolution of the country's environmental policy In recent years, notably since the first 1970's, the earth planet has become more susceptible to environmental problems and there's significant concern on whether the earth's life network itself is being vulnerable. India is a giant country with a high population density and potential labour force. It's a developing country marching towards 5 trillion economy, a strong, vibrant, multi-party democracy has high degree freelance judiciary and open media. Environmental policies are influenced by a multitude of factors and determine how environmental resources are accessed, apportioned, consumed, conserved, and governed. There exists a Paradigm shift in Environmental policies of India. This paper analyses the nature and magnitude and ideological change of 75 years of Environmental polices of India in 7 different periods such as I: Period from 1947-1970:Post-independence Period, II: Period of 1970-1980:Decade of Environmental Obligations, III: Period of 1981-1990:Decade of Environmental Activism,, IV: Period of 1991-2000:Decade of cooperative Environmental governance, Period of 2001-2010:Decade of Decentralised Environmental Governance, VI: Period from 2011-2020:Decade of Centralisation of Natural Resources and VII: Period of 2020-2030:Decade of International obligations. Keywords: Environmental Laws, Environmental Activism, Environmental Policies Journal: Shanlax International Journal of Economics Pages: 28-37 Volume: 11 Issue: 2 Year: 2023 Month: March DOI: 10.34293/economics.v11i2.6121 File-URL: https://www.shanlaxjournals.in/journals/index.php/economics/article/view/6121 File-Format: text/html File-URL: https://www.shanlaxjournals.in/journals/index.php/economics/article/view/6121/5714 File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:acg:journl:v:11:y:2023:i:2:p:28-37 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M Preetha Author-Workplace-Name: Stella Maris College Author-Name: Kaviya Nijaritha Joseph Author-Workplace-Name: Stella Maris College Title:The Impact of Macro Economic Variables on Crude Oil Pricing in India from the Years 2000 to 2021 Abstract: Crude oil is a necessary commodity for all the economies across the Globe. Demand for it is rising and more so witnessed in developing countries like India. Demand for crude oil has a lot of influential and counter reactive consequences such as increase in oil import, dependence of oil, exchange rate, trade deficit etc. The study examines the current state of crude oil pricing and crude oil imports into India. Annual time series data for the years 2000 to 2021 were used in this study. A variety of data analysis tools have been used with an effort to identify the key factors that influence crude oil prices. The macroeconomic variables considered for the study are foreign exchange rate, inflation, production, imports, consumption, and carbon emissions of crude oil which has greater influence on Oil pricing in India. Keywords: Foreign Exchange Rate, Imports, Production, Inflation, Consumption, Carbon Emission, Demand, Supply and OPEC Journal: Shanlax International Journal of Economics Pages:38-49 Volume: 11 Issue: 2 Year: 2023 Month: March DOI: 10.34293/economics.v11i2.5917 File-URL: https://www.shanlaxjournals.in/journals/index.php/economics/article/view/5917 File-Format: text/html File-URL: https://www.shanlaxjournals.in/journals/index.php/economics/article/view/5917/6182 File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:acg:journl:v:11:y:2023:i:2:p:38-49 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: V Loganathan Author-Workplace-Name: Madurai Kamaraj University Title: Trends of India's Agricultural Import During the Pre-reform and Post-reform Periods Abstract: Agriculture has been the largest sector of the Indian economy. It plays a vital role in providing food for the nation, raw materials to the industry providing employment. Past two and a half decades, India has implemented comprehensive trade policy reforms in the agriculture sector due to internal and external factors. This study has investigated patterns of India's foreign trade in agriculture during pre-reform and reform periods. The effect of liberalization of India's foreign trade has greatly influenced the structure of trade in goods and services. For this study, the agriculture communities have been classified into Food Crops and food items, Pulses, Oil and oilseeds, Commercial crops, Plantation crops, Animal products, and Oilseed cake meals. Data for this study have been collected from Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) official website (www.faostat.fao.org), from 1970 to 2013. In 1970, the highest value of percentage share is observed for the food and food crops import at 55.56 per cent followed by commercial crops at 29.15 per cent, animal products at 6.83 per cent, pulses at 5.73 per cent, and oilseeds and oil at 1.29 per cent. In 2017, the highest value of percentage share is observed for oilseeds and oil import at 40.45 per cent followed by commercial crops at 27.87 per cent, pulses at 14.03 and food crops and food items at 10.59 per cent. Overall, there is a significant increase is noted for the percentage share of oilseeds and oil in total agricultural imports in the study period. In the case of pulses, the percentage share of imports in total agricultural export has been increasing during the study period among the other major group of products. There is downward movement is observed for the import of food crops and food items during the study period. Keywords: Agriculture Export, Pre-reform, Post-reform, Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) Journal: Shanlax International Journal of Economics Pages:50-57 Volume: 11 Issue: 2 Year: 2023 Month: March DOI: 10.34293/economics.v11i2.6067 File-URL: https://www.shanlaxjournals.in/journals/index.php/economics/article/view/6067 File-Format: text/html File-URL: https://www.shanlaxjournals.in/journals/index.php/economics/article/view/6067/5716 File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:acg:journl:v:11:y:2023:i:2:p:50-57 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: U Arumugam Author-Workplace-Name: Alagappa University Title: Prospects and Problems of Digital Currency Abstract: Digital currency is money managed, stored, and exchanged through digital devices such as computers and smartphones. There are two types of electronic currency:Virtual and cryptocurrencies that have no physical form and exist only digitally. Digital currency, also known as digital money or cyber cash, can be used to purchase goods and services, but may be restricted to certain online communities such as games or social networks. The data required for the study were collected using secondary data collection methods. This paper explores the importance of digital currency in India and the modern world. Keywords: Digital Currency, Block Chain, Cryptocurrency, CBDC Journal: Shanlax International Journal of Economics Pages:58-62 Volume: 11 Issue: 2 Year: 2023 Month: March DOI: 10.34293/economics.v11i3.6115 File-URL: https://www.shanlaxjournals.in/journals/index.php/economics/article/view/6115 File-Format: text/html File-URL: https://www.shanlaxjournals.in/journals/index.php/economics/article/view/6115/5717 File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:acg:journl:v:11:y:2023:i:2:p:58-62