The Evolution of Catharsis in Video Games: A Historical Perspective

Abstract

This paper explores the evolution of catharsis as a concept, from its classical origins in Greek tragedy to its modern manifestations in video games. Initially defined by Aristotle as an emotional purging achieved through dramatic arts, catharsis has historically influenced various media, including literature, film, and music. In the 20th century, the advent of video games introduced a new, interactive medium that carries forward the cathartic tradition. Early games like “Pac-Man” and “Tetris” offered simple forms of stress relief, while the 1990s and 2000s saw the development of narrative-rich titles such as “Silent Hill” and “Metal Gear Solid,” deepening emotional engagement. The rise of indie games like “Journey” further expanded narrative innovation, highlighting the medium’s role in personal reflection and emotional connectivity. In contemporary settings, technologically advanced games like “The Last of Us” foster immersive experiences, underscoring video games’ potential as tools for empathy, emotional processing, and mental health benefits. This paper underscores the significance of video games in offering profound cathartic experiences and suggests potential directions for future research in enhancing narrative depth and exploring therapeutic applications. Thesis Statement: Video games provide a unique interactive platform for emotional release and mental relief, extending the traditional concept of catharsis by offering mediums for active engagement and personal narrative exploration.