Biodiversity Hotspots in India and Environment Protection under the Constitution of India

Abstract

India is considered as a Subcontinent as it contains various elements of nature. Nature has been cherished and protected throughout History. History is not only about humans but also about nature. This Indian History is an edifice built on nature. The constitution of India insists on protecting the environment. In this article we will see about the four biodiversity hotspots in India and the constitutional provisions that insist on protecting the environment. The diversity of plant and animal species in a particular habitat is referred to as biodiversity. The two main factors that make up biodiversity are species evenness and species richness. India is renowned for having a diverse ecosystem, and with 23.39% of its land covered by trees and forests, there are nearly 91,307 identified animal species and 45,523 documented plant species. India is unique in that it is one of the 12 countries with the highest biodiversity in the world. Four of the world’s 36 biodiversity hotspots are located in India: The Himalayas, Western Ghats, Indo - Burma and Sundaland.