Kalittogai as a Guide to Life

வாழ்க்கைக்கு வழிகாட்டும் கலித்தொகை

Abstract

This paper focuses on the ethical and moral advice found within one of the eight Sangam anthologies, Kalithokai, and how it is applicable as the ideal guide to human life. Human life that is placed between birth and death is very short and the wisdom of great literary works is a permanent way of guiding right way of life. Although Kalithokai is basically an anthology of akam (love), 150 poems compiled in the five tinai landscapes, it is also a treasure trove of ethical lessons that transcends love themes by far. The paper logically examines ethical values in Kalithokai, and the eight virtues of righteousness (Potruthal) as expressed by Nallandhuvanar such as compassion (Aatruthal), friendship (Potruthal), good conduct (Panbu), love (Anbu), wisdom (Arivu), steadfastness (Serivu), justice (Murai), and patience (Porai). It also includes the teachings on acquisition of wealth by righteousness, maintenance of social network, avoidance of harming others, Medical duties of the physician, duty of the just ruler, charitable giving (Eekai), heroic gifting (Therkkodai) and the Tamil culture of love marriage (Gandharva marriage). Comparing Thirukkural to Thirukkural all along, the article shows that Kalithokai is not only a literary piece but it is also an everlasting jewel of moral teachings that help human beings live virtuous and meaningful lives.