The Ethical Principles of Life Indicated in the Tirukkural

திருக்குறள் சுட்டும் வாழ்வியல் நெறிகள்

Abstract

Human beings are endowed with moral consciousness. By practicing virtue (aram) in both private and public life, human life attains dignity and refinement. Hence, literary scholars have always held virtue in high esteem. A person’s moral qualities are reflected through thought, speech, and action. However, since changes in time and circumstance can influence human behaviour, literature continues to reinforce the importance of virtue. In this regard, Valluvar’s contribution is remarkable. The Tirukkural endures through all ages because it lays down universal ethical principles applicable to all humankind.

“All things are contained in this work;
What is not found here
Does not exist in this world.
Of what use are the many other vast texts?”
— This idea expressed by the scholar Madurai Tamilmagan emphasizes that all essential truths of life are encompassed within the Tirukkural, and nothing in the world lies outside its scope. This article examines the life-oriented ethical principles found in such a distinguished text as the Tirukkural.