The Tholkappiyam Simile Elements in Kambaramayanam

கம்பராமாயணத்தில் தொல்காப்பிய உவமையியல் கூறுகள்

Abstract

This study focuses on identifying the types of similes used in the epic Kambaramayanam. The research is based on the principles of similes defined in the Porulathikaaram section of the ancient grammar work, Tholkappiyam. With the aid of these principles, the verses of Kambaramayanam were analyzed. The research was conducted entirely using a qualitative approach. Necessary data were collected through library research methods, and the obtained data were analyzed to derive the results. The study found that all four basic types of similes defined by Tholkappiyar namely verb-based simile (Vinai Uvamai), usefulness-based simile (Payan Uvamai), structure-based simile (Mei Uvamai), and image-based simile (Uruvuvamai) were present in Kambaramayanam. Two examples for each type of simile were discussed as part of the research findings. The verses of Kambaramayanam were composed by Kambar following the rules of simile as per Tholkappiyam. Since there are some intricate rules within the simile section, these were also illustrated with evidence in this study. Furthermore, it was concluded that understanding the underlying meaning of a simile, rather than just its apparent meaning, is the correct approach to identifying types of similes.