The Intersection of Gender Equality and Economic Growth: Pathways to Sustainable Development

Abstract

This study examines the intersection of gender equality and economic growth within the context of sustainable development in India, focusing on regional disparities in educational attainment and gender development across states and union territories from 2001 to 2021. Utilizing key indicators such as Mean Years of Schooling (MYS) and the Gender Development Index (GDI), the research highlights significant progress in educational outcomes, with female MYS increasing from 3.284 years in 2001 to 5.45 years in 2021. However, persistent gender gaps remain, particularly in low-performing states like Bihar and Uttar Pradesh. The analysis identifies the critical role of targeted educational interventions and gender-sensitive policies in promoting equitable development. High-performing regions, including Kerala and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, exemplify effective strategies that can be replicated in lagging states. Furthermore, the study emphasizes the need for socio-cultural transformation, enhanced healthcare access, and the leveraging of technology to improve educational equity. Key challenges, including plateauing trends in states like Goa and Arunachal Pradesh, necessitate sustained policy efforts to address infrastructural and socio-economic barriers. The findings underscore the importance of public-private partnerships and robust monitoring frameworks to inform policy decisions. Ultimately, the study advocates for a comprehensive approach that prioritizes gender parity and educational equity as pathways to sustainable development, thereby contributing to the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in India and fostering inclusive growth for future generations.